The current general situation of most domestic mechanical enterprises is weak in equipment, technology, production management or market research ... leading to low product quality and lack of competitiveness. . This fact shows that Vietnam's mechanical engineering industry is increasingly lagging, unable to keep "home ground", not to mention export. [Nbsp]
A report of the Ministry of Industry and Trade at a conference on solutions to promote the development of Vietnam's mechanical engineering industry took place on September 24, 2019, showing that up to now, domestic mechanical enterprises have only met 32% of the demand. demand for mechanical products that the economy needs.
This figure is much lower than the goal set out in the Strategy for development of Vietnam's mechanical engineering industry, which was promulgated in 2002, and strives to meet the demand for mechanical products by 45-50% by 2010. country.
"Policies in heaven, life on earth"
According to experts, the macroeconomic policy for mechanical engineering development in the past has been built quite fully and methodically, but when implemented, it was not effective, between the decision and the organization of effective implementation. major deviations, causing the mechanical engineering industry to grow slowly and with many limitations. Some experts have compared: "Policy is in heaven, life is on earth".
Specifically, the Strategy for development of Vietnam's mechanical engineering industry up to 2010 with a vision to 2020 has been issued by the Government since 2002 but until 2011, even in 2014, many new policies were implemented. Not only that, the implementation, implementation of these policies is also inconsistent. [Nbsp]
For example, there has been a credit policy under the Mechanical Sector Development Strategy approved in Decision No. 186/2002 / QD-TTg, but in fact very few businesses have enjoyed these incentives and so far have not still works.
Next, in 2009, the Prime Minister issued Decision No. 10/2009 / QD-TTg on supporting mechanisms for development of production of key mechanical products and list of key mechanical products and honor lists. Investment project on manufacturing key mechanical products (period of 2009-2015).
Based on the list of products entitled to incentives under the program, many mechanical businesses have actively "researched" and manufactured quality products in the preferential category, but in fact , the support is not complete as specified.
According to the report of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, until the end of 2015, only 11 projects were considered for preferential credit policies, but in the end, there were only 3 projects signed credit contracts with the Development Bank. Vietnam (VDB) with the amount of VND 374 billion out of the total VND 9,978.18 billion (equal to 3.75% of the considered capital) and actually disbursed VND 60.75 billion (equal to 16% of the contract). signed).
For small and medium-sized enterprises, the incentive policies and incentives are even more narrow. [Nbsp]
In 2012, the Prime Minister continued to promulgate Decision 1791 / QD-TTg approving the mechanism of piloting, designing and manufacturing domestic equipment for thermal power plants for the period of 2012 - 2025, with the common goal of: create conditions for domestic manufacturing mechanical enterprises to gradually improve their capacity, proceed to master the design and manufacture technologies for thermal power plants, promote the development of the domestic mechanical industry.
Accordingly, the following 11 systems of auxiliary equipment under the scope of Song Hau 1, Quang Trach 1 and Quynh Lap 1 thermal power projects are separated from the EPC package and assigned to domestic enterprises. perform. The implementation value of these systems accounts for about 30% of the total equipment value of a coal-fired thermal power plant. [Nbsp]
However, in a recent report of the Institute of Mechanical Research (Narime), up to now, no one of the 3 projects has been implemented as required in Decision 1791. So far. Domestic mechanical enterprises have not had the opportunity to implement the relevant content in the above decision.
According to Vice President and General Secretary of Vietnam Association of Mechanical Enterprises (VAMI) Nguyen Chi Sang, the ineffective and ineffective policies are not only applied to domestic mechanical enterprises. lost opportunities to get more jobs, improve capacity, but also hinder goals and restrain the national economy.
Need stability of policy
With characteristics requiring large capital, long recovery time, the mechanical industry needs a long-term vision. Therefore, it is necessary to have appropriate policies, especially when starting from domestic mechanical enterprises with small and medium scale, limited technical and technological level ...
In order to promote the development of mechanical enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (accounting for the majority), additional support in capital, land, interest rates, etc. is essential. However, what many businesses are interested in is not only incentives, but more importantly the stability of the policy. [Nbsp]
The ineffective implementation of policies and policies on mechanical engineering in recent years has made the confidence of enterprises decline, the market has lost its orientation. [Nbsp]
Therefore, it is time to have more radical and stronger changes in directing and organizing the implementation of mechanical engineering development policies to help enterprises have a sound business strategy and a long-term vision. drought, creating opportunities for better development in the trend of deeper and deeper integration.
Identify mechanics as the "backbone" of social production, providing equipment, machine tools, and engines for all economic sectors, meeting the daily needs of the people, contributing significantly to focusing on the country's economic development, the representative of the State Bank said, always orienting to develop preferential credit policies towards small and medium-sized enterprises operating in the mechanical industry.
Regarding the results of lending to the mechanical engineering industry, according to the credit balance report of credit institutions, foreign bank branches, as of July 31, 2019, the total outstanding loans Credit for some mechanical industries is VND 294,420 billion.
In particular, outstanding loans to mechanical engineering industries all increased: the electric equipment manufacturing industry reached VND 28,213 billion, up 15.38% compared to the end of 2018; motor vehicle manufacturing industry reached VND 43,767 billion, an increase of 40.02% compared to 2018 ...
In order to promote the development of the mechanical engineering industry and create favorable conditions for enterprises in the mechanical engineering industry to access credit capital to serve production and business activities, the State Bank shall propose the Government and the Ministry of Finance. Industry and Trade should focus investment with focus and focus, should not spread investment, and need specific laws, policies, mechanisms for the domestic mechanical industry when verifying and deciding national key projects funded by the state budget.
For the banking sector, the State Bank also proposed, continuing to direct credit institutions to step up the implementation of the banking-enterprise connection program to create favorable conditions for customers to access bank credit capital. goods in accordance with the provisions of law ...
For enterprises in the mechanical engineering industry, it is necessary to improve their organizational, managerial, financial and technological capabilities; strengthening links between businesses, creating strategic cooperation relationships with partners, creating a chain of links in production and consumption of products.
Regarding the issue of developing policies for the mechanical engineering industry, Mr. Ngo Minh Khai, Director of 31 Mechanical and Explosive Materials Co., Ltd., needs to enhance the role of the State in orienting and creating conditions for developing mechanical engineering through policies on tax, land, credit and staff training; building technical barriers to protect "soft" for domestic manufacturing mechanical engineering enterprises.
In particular, it is necessary to have policies to prevent bringing backward technology, causing environmental pollution into Vietnam; It is necessary to create an environment of equal competition between domestic enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises; study and promulgate preferential policies for Vietnamese businesses on tax policies similar to those of FDI enterprises so that enterprises have a chance to compete fairly with FDI enterprises instead of those going to foreign countries. trying to circumvent the current law.
Facing with the requirement to develop a step by step modern mechanical engineering industry, serving as a basis for other industrial production and service industries; At the same time, Vietnam's mechanical industry must develop with quality products, low production costs, and high competitiveness to participate more deeply in the global value chain, Deputy Prime Minister Trinh Dinh Dung said. strong, must have the efforts of all businesses, associations, experts, scientists.
In particular, it is necessary to have more drastic participation of the State, the Government, ministries, branches and localities in perfecting as well as creating more preferential and incentive mechanisms and policies for the mechanical industry. gas to create a favorable environment to mobilize resources for the development of Vietnam's mechanical engineering industry in the coming time.
